![]() Gestalt psychologists argued that these principles exist because the mind’s innate disposition is to perceive patterns in the stimulus based on certain rules. Gestalt psychologists observe that humans naturally perceive objects as organized patterns and objects, a principle known as Prägnanz. ![]() Gestalt theory emphasizes that the whole of anything is greater than its parts, i.e., the mind forms a global whole with self-organizing tendencies. Gestalt theory and psychology was conceived when scientists studied this phenomenon more deeply, and Gestalt’s guiding principle, that our minds tend to perceive objects as part of a greater whole, was born. There are six individual principles commonly associated with Gestalt theory: similarity, continuation, closure, proximity, figure/ground, and symmetry and order. In other words, when processing visual information hitting our eyes at 1,000 frames per second, our brain opts to be somewhat “lazy.” All this neural activity would consume an enormous amount of energy if we were to be conscious of it all, so in order to save energy-while operating at maximum efficiency-the brain uses inductive reasoning and conditional probability to make sense of the world. We’ll cover 6 principles related to gestalt, in the context of design, and they are: Proximity. ![]() The human brain processes about 4 billion bits of information per second (most of it unconsciously) and transmits information at 200 miles per hour. Grasping that totality concept both the individual element and the whole in which it exists are important both separately and together is essential to understanding how gestaltism influences our design choices.
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